Safety device to cover the needle tip of intravenous catheter apparatus

ABSTRACT

A safety device for the needle of intravenous catheter apparatus comprising of a tip blocker which blocks the needle tip, a spring assembled in compressed state held by a disc inside the groove of the tip blocker which pushes the tip blocker downwards and a bush fitted in the needle passageway which does not allow the needle to come out of the safety device. The safety device is capable of locking inside it and covering the needle tip so that the needle of intravenous catheter apparatus can be disposed of safely.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 of a provisionalapplication Ser. No. 60/804,214 filed Jun. 8, 2006, which application ishereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

FIELD OF INVENTION

The present invention relates to a safety device for the needle of anintravenous catheter apparatus. More particularly this invention relatesto a safety device fitted to an intravenous catheter apparatus whichcovers the needle tip after use, prior to the needle being disposed of,thereby preventing accidental pricking of the used needle of theintravenous catheter apparatus by medical professionals, people incharge of disposal of hospital waste and anybody who accidentally orintentionally handles or tries to dispose of the intravenous catheterapparatus.

BACKGROUND OF INVENTION

The intravenous catheter apparatus is used to inject medicines, glucoseand other nourishment, in liquid form, into the blood stream of patientsduring their treatment. Such intravenous catheter apparatuses are knownfrom the prior art and permit the inlet of different media flow duringthe treatment of the patient. After the needle along with a flexiblecatheter is inserted in the vein of the patient and blood flashes in thecatheter, the needle is withdrawn from the vein. The flexible catheterportion continues to remain in the vein to inject medicines, glucose andother nourishment in liquid form into the blood stream. The needle isdisposed of after withdrawal from the catheter and the vein. If the usedneedle is not covered with some protection, it can prick anyone whocomes into contact with the needle, including medical professionals andpeople in charge of disposal of hospital waste. Accidental pricking byused needles is very dangerous and at times even fatal if the needle hascome into contact with the blood of an ill patient. Accidental prickingmay spread blood borne diseases like Hepatitis B, AIDS, etc. In view ofthe foregoing, a safety device is essential to completely cover the tipof the needle after use and while disposing it to thereby preventcontact with the needle.

The prior art acknowledges the need for a needle tip guard placed uponthe needle after it's been withdrawn from the catheter. For example,U.S. Pat. No. 5,135,504 uses a needle safety device in which a“retaining ring” is fitted inside the intravenous catheter apparatus andthe “needle guard” slides inside the retaining ring. This device hassome of the following disadvantages: 1) the retaining ring remainsinside the main body during use of the apparatus which hinders flow ofsolutions through it, 2) there is a likelihood that guard jaws whichcover the needle tip may open so as to expose the needle tip, 3) thereis chance that blood on or near the needle tip may surface out of theneedle guard because the needle is still exposed from the sides andbecause the size of the needle guard is too small with respect to theportion of the needle needing to be covered.

In other prior art references such as U.S. Pat. No. 6,117,108, thesafety device remains inside the main body of the catheter apparatus.However, because of the miniature size of the main body there remains astrong probability of blood coming out of the safety device andinfecting the persons handling the used needle.

OBJECTS OF INVENTION

A primary object of this invention is to propose a safety device for theneedle of an intravenous catheter apparatus that facilitates and ensuressafe disposal of the needle of the intravenous catheter apparatus afterthe needle is withdrawn from the vein of a patient followingcannulation.

Another object of this invention is to propose a safety device for theneedle of an intravenous catheter apparatus in which the disadvantagesof prior art are overcome.

Another object of this invention is to propose a safety device for theneedle of an intravenous catheter apparatus, which securely locks theneedle tip so that the needle may not be pushed or pulled out of thesafety device.

A further object of this invention is to propose a safety device for theneedle of an intravenous catheter apparatus, which is big enough tocover the needle tip from all sides thereby preventing infected bloodfrom oozing out of the safety device.

Yet another object of this invention is to propose a safety device forthe needle of an intravenous catheter apparatus which may be fittedbetween a wing body and needle hub in such a way that it does not createany impediment to the function and operation of the intravenous catheterapparatus.

Still another object of this invention is to propose a safety device forthe needle of an intravenous catheter apparatus, which is externallyattached to the body of the apparatus so that no part remains inside theapparatus to affect the flow of liquid through the apparatus.

A further object of this invention is to propose a safety device for theneedle of an intravenous catheter apparatus, which requires only slightforce to detach it from the wing body, without disturbing the positionof the catheter.

Still another object of this invention is to propose a safety device forthe needle of an intravenous catheter apparatus, which can be easilyassembled and involves a simple structural configuration.

Another object of this invention is to propose a safety device for theneedle of an intravenous catheter apparatus which is economical toproduce.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention consists of safety device for the needle of anintravenous catheter apparatus, which is provided between the winghousing and the needle hub of an intravenous catheter apparatus. Afterthe needle along with the flexible catheter is inserted in vein of thepatient and blood flashes in the catheter, the needle is withdrawn fromthe vessel holding the wing housing. The needle bug along with theneedle moves out of the catheter and thereafter passes through the winghousing and reaches the safety device. As soon as the needle tip movespast the tip-blocker, the tip-blocker is forced downward, due to thepressure of the spring, in front of the needle tip. Thus, the tipblocker blocks and prevents the needle tip from moving forward in thedirection of the catheter. When the needle is further withdrawn, theflaring near the tip of the needle prevents the needle from being pulledout of the safety device. In this position, the needle can neither moveinward nor outward and is totally locked inside the safety device. Iffurther force is applied in the outward direction to withdraw theneedle, the safety device detaches itself from the wing housing and theneedle hub assembly, such that the needle and safety device togetherseparate from the wing assembly. The needle can now be safely disposedof as the needle tip is locked inside the safety device in such a waythat it cannot be pushed or pulled out of the safety device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a top view of an intravenous catheter apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of the apparatus of FIG. 1 taken alongline 2-2.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of section 3-3 of FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a top view of the intravenous catheter apparatus with theneedle partially removed from the catheter and wing housing.

FIG. 4A is a cross sectional view of the apparatus of FIG. 4 taken alongline 4A-4A.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of section 5-5 of FIG. 4A.

FIG. 5A is an isometric view of section 5-5 of FIG. 4A.

FIG. 6 is a top view of the intravenous catheter apparatus with theneedle pulled out of the wing housing and locked in the safety device.

FIG. 6A is a cross sectional view of the apparatus of FIG. 6 taken alongline 6A-6A.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of section 7-7 of FIG. 6A.

FIG. 7A is an isometric view of section 7-7 of FIG. 6A.

FIG. 8 is a top view of the intravenous catheter apparatus with needlealong with safety device detached from the wing housing.

FIG. 8A is a cross sectional view of the apparatus of FIG. 8 taken alongline 8A-8A.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of section 9-9 of FIG. 8A.

FIG. 9A is an isometric view of section 9-9 of FIG. 8A.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

Referring to FIG. 1, an intravenous (IV) catheter apparatus 10 of thepresent invention is shown. It comprises of needle cover 12, winghousing 14, port 16 in unitary assembly with the wing housing 14 andneedle hub 20. Luer lock 22 is removably attached to wing housing 14.The needle cover 12 covers the needle 24 (shown in FIG. 2). The needlehub 20 can be detached from the wing housing 14 such that the assemblyof needle 24, needle hub 20 and luer lock 22 can be separated from theassembly of wing housing 14 and port 16, such as shown in FIG. 8A.

FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of the IV catheter apparatus 10 whichdepicts a needle 24 extending from needle hub 20 through the winghousing 14 and ending at the needle tip 26 under the needle cover 12.

The needle 24 is hollow and the needle tip 26 is cut diagonally. Thereis needle flaring 28 which increases the diameter of the needle 24 nearthe needle tip 26. Surrounding the needle 24 is a catheter 30 which isattached to the wing housing 14 at the catheter base 32. The catheter 30is a flexible tube which is placed in the vein of a patient to providefluids, nourishment and medicines. Wing housing 14 has a port 16 coveredby port cap 18 through which fluid, nourishment or medicines areinjected which travel through wing housing 14 and catheter 30 into thepatient's vein. The safety device 34 is located between wing housing 14and needle hub 20 and is aligned in the vertical plane along the planeof port cap 18 and needle hub 20. Two lugs 36 removably hold the safetydevice 34 to the wing housing 14.

FIG. 3 is the enlarged cross sectional view of the safety device 34 ofFIG. 2. The needle 24 passes through the needle passageway 38 and bush40 inside the safety device 34. The safety device 34 has a tip blocker42 which blocks the needle tip 26. A spring 44 is arranged in acompressed state inside the groove 46 of the tip blocker 42 and is heldin such position by a disc 48.

To use the IV catheter apparatus 10 the needle cover is removed and theneedle 24 along with catheter 30 is inserted into the patient's vein.Because the blood within the vein is under pressure, as soon as needletip 26 punctures the skin and enters the vein, blood gushes up into thehollow needle 24 and through the wing housing 14 until it reaches theflash back chamber 50 shown in FIGS. 2, 4A, 6A and 8A. The needle 24 isthen withdrawn out of the vein and the catheter 30 by pulling the needlehub 20 away from the wing housing 14. The needle 24 passes throughcatheter base 32 and silicon tube 52.

FIG. 4 shows the top view of the IV catheter apparatus 10 when theneedle 24 is partially withdrawn form the wing housing 14. The crosssection of FIG. 4A shows clearly that the needle 24 has moved past thecatheter 30, the catheter base 32 and the silicon tube 52 such that thediagonal cut portion of needle tip 26 is being withdrawn toward thesafety device 34.

FIG. 5 is the enlarged cross sectional view of the safety device 34 ofFIG. 4. FIG. 5 depicts the needle 24 touching the tip blocker 42 andpassing through the bush 40. Needle flaring 28 near the tip blocker 42is also shown. The spring 44 is shown in the compressed position. Inthis position, the spring 44 exerts downward pressure on the tip blocker42.

FIG. 5A provides an isometric view of FIG. 5 showing the parts of thewing housing 14, namely the needle tip 26, needle flaring 28, tipblocker 42 and bush 40.

FIG. 6A is a cross sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 6. FIG.6A shows the needle tip 26 being blocked by the tip blocker 42preventing any forward movement of the needle tip 26 within the safetydevice 34. By pulling the needle hub 20 the needle 24 and needle tip 26moves past the tip blocker 42; the tip blocker 42 falls down under thepressure of compressed spring 44 and enters the needle passageway 38,which blocks the needle passageway 38.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIG.6A. FIG. 7 shows how the spring 44 has moved tip blocker 42 into theneedle passageway 38 thereby blocking any forward movement of the needletip 26. In this position, the needle tip 26 cannot move outside the winghousing 14. The location of needle flaring 28 and position of bush 40 isfixed in such a way that when the tip blocker 42 comes down, the needleflaring 28 is inside the safety device 34 in front of the bush 40. FIG.7A shows an isometric view of the constituent parts of the safety device34 namely, tip-blocker 42 blocking needle tip 26, flaring 28 and bush40.

FIG. 8 shows safety device 34, needle 24 and needle hub 20 in unitaryassembly being detached from the wing housing 14.

FIG. 8A shows the safety device 34 covering the needle tip 26 separatedfrom the wing housing 14. After the needle tip 26 is blocked by the tipblocker 42 as described in the proceeding paragraphs, upon furtherwithdrawal of the needle 24, the needle flaring 28 comes in contact withthe bush 40. Since the diameter of needle 24 is increased at the needleflaring 28, the bush 40 does not allow needle faring 28 to pass throughthe bush 40. Thus, the flaring 28 on the needle 24 cannot be pulledthrough the bush 40. If any further force is applied to pull the needle24 out of the safety device 34, it detaches the lugs 36 attached to thewing housing 14, which detaches the safety device 34 from the winghousing 14.

FIG. 9 shows the flaring 28 of the needle 24 in contact with the bush 40on one side and tip blocker 42 blocking the needle tip 26 on the otherside. Thus, the needle 24 cannot be pushed or pulled out of the safetydevice 34 as the needle tip 26 is locked within the safety device 34.FIG. 9A shows an isometric view of the safety device 34, namely tipblocker 42, needle tip 26, flaring 28, and bush 40.

The needle 24 with needle hub 20 on one end and safety device 34 on theother, as seen in FIG. 8, can be disposed of in a safe manner. Since thesafety device 34 is made sufficiently large, it covers the needle tip 26from all sides so that the infected needle tip 26 is not exposed fromany side.

The bush 40 and tip-blocker 42 arrangement locks the needle tip 26 verysecurely so that the needle tip 26 does not accidentally slip out of thesafety device 34.

As best shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 8A, the safety device 34 of the presentinvention is an external attachment to the IV catheter apparatus 10,which detaches completely from the wing housing 14 after use, in such amanner that it does not affect the flow of fluids in the wing housing 14and catheter 30.

The invention has been shown and described above with the preferredembodiments, and it is understood that many modifications,substitutions, and additions may be made which are within the intendedspirit and scope of the invention. From the foregoing, it can be seenthat the present invention accomplishes at least all of its statedobjectives.

1. A needle safety device for an intravenous catheter apparatus having the advantage of preventing exposure of a needle from at least the tip to a flared portion of the needle, the needle safety device comprising: a body having a needle passageway there through for covering the needle; a bush within the needle passageway to prevent the flared needle portion from being pulled out of the needle safety device; a housing in communication with the needle passageway having a spring for urging a needle tip blocker into a blocking position in front of the needle tip when the tip is pulled past the needle tip blocker; and the needle tip blocker and the bush for preventing the needle from being pushed or pulled out of the needle safety device.
 2. The needle safety device of claim 1 wherein the body of the needle passageway has a pair of lugs.
 3. The needle safety device of claim 2 wherein a wing housing is removably attached to the pair of lugs.
 4. The needle safety device of claim 1 wherein the needle tip blocker has a first end having a recess for housing a portion of the spring and a second opposite end having a substantially vertical wall for stopping the needle from being pushed out of the needle safety device.
 5. The needle safety device of claim 4 wherein the movement of the substantially vertical wall is stopped in the blocking portion by a lip on the first end of the needle tip blocker.
 6. The needle safety device of claim 5 wherein the substantially vertical wall is biased against the needle and drops in front of the tip of the needle into the blocking position when the tip of the needle is pulled past the vertical wall.
 7. The needle safety device of claim 1 wherein a cover is removably attached to the housing to keep the spring and the needle tip blocker biased toward the blocking position.
 8. The needle safety device of claim 1 wherein at least the tip to the flared portion of the needle is locked within the needle safety device by the combination of the needle tip blocker and bush.
 9. An intravenous catheter apparatus comprising: a flexible catheter attached to a wing housing; a needle having a tip and a flaring near the tip, and the needle positioned within the flexible catheter and wing housing; and a needle safety device removably attached between the wing housing and a needle hub, the needle safety device having: (a) a body with a needle passageway therethrough for covering the needle; (b) a needle tip blocker in sliding communication with the needle passageway body; (c) a bush within the needle passageway; and (d) the needle tip blocker and the bush to stop the needle from being pushed or pulled out of the needle safety device.
 10. The intravenous catheter apparatus of claim 9 wherein the needle tip blocker is adapted to slide within a housing in communication with the needle passageway and attached to the body.
 11. The intravenous catheter apparatus of claim 9 wherein a spring urges the needle tip blocker into the needle passageway to a blocking position in front of the tip of the needle to thereby stop the needle from being pushed out of the needle safety device.
 12. The intravenous catheter apparatus of claim 11 wherein the needle tip blocker has a recess for housing a portion of the spring and an opposite end with a substantially vertical wall for stopping the needle from being pushed out of the needle safety device when the needle tip blocker is in the blocking position.
 13. The intravenous catheter of claim 9 wherein the bush in the needle passageway stops the flaring on the needle from being pulled out of the needle safety device.
 14. The intravenous catheter apparatus of claim 9 wherein the needle safety device is detachable from the wing housing.
 15. The intravenous catheter apparatus of claim 9 wherein the body has a pair of lugs.
 16. The intravenous catheter of claim 15 wherein the wing housing is removably attached to the pair of lugs.
 17. A method for safely securing a needle of an intravenous catheter to thereby prevent exposure of the needle after use, the method comprising: providing a needle safety device having a body with a needle passageway for covering at least a used portion of the needle, a bush within the needle passageway, and a needle tip blocker in communication with the needle passageway; pulling the used portion of the needle past the needle tip blocker; blocking the used portion from being pushed out of the needle safety device by the needle tip blocker moving into the needle passageway in front of the needle; stopping a flared portion on the needle from being pulled out of the needle safety device with the bush; and capturing at least the used portion of the needle within the needle safety device.
 18. The method of claim 17 further comprising providing a spring within a housing in communication with the needle passageway for sliding the needle tip blocker into the needle passageway when a tip of the needle is pulled past the needle tip blocker.
 19. The method of claim 17 further comprising the step of biasing the needle tip blocker against the needle with the spring.
 20. The method of claim 17 further comprising providing a pair of lugs on the body of the needle passageway.
 21. The method of claim 17 further comprising providing a wing housing removably attached to the pair of lugs.
 22. The method of claim 21 further comprising the step of detaching the needle safety device from the wing housing.
 23. The method of claim 17 further comprising the step of keeping at least the used portion of the needle fully enclosed in the needle safety device after use.
 24. A method for safely securing a needle in an intravenous catheter to thereby prevent exposure of the needle after use, the method comprising: providing a needle safety device removably attached between a needle hub and a wing housing having a flexible catheter and the needle; withdrawing the needle through the needle safety device after use; and capturing the needle within the needle safety device by preventing the needle from being pushed or pulled out of the needle safety device.
 25. The method of claim 24 further comprising the step of separating the needle hub from the needle safety device for withdrawing the needle.
 26. The method of claim 24 further comprising the step of separating the needle safety device from the wing housing after capturing the needle within the needle safety device. 